States / Washington

Washington

Sports wagering in Washington is limited to tribal casinos, and 23 of the state's 29 federally recognized tribes operate 29 casinos.
Online casino and poker are felonies, while commercial card rooms, charitable bingo, the lottery and horse racing are licensed.
The state won an August 2026 order requiring Kalshi to stop most event-contract wagering for Washington residents.

More detail

Sports betting. Washington limits sports wagering to tribal casinos under 2020 compact amendments. The definition includes esports under HB 2638. The minimum age for sports wagering is 18. That differs from the general 21+ tribal-casino-floor age.
Tribal gaming. Twenty-three of Washington's 29 federally recognized, Class III-compacted tribes operate 29 casinos.
Online casinos. Online casino and poker are felonies under the state's internet-gambling statute (RCW 9.46.240).
Other licensed gambling. Commercial card rooms, charitable bingo and pull-tabs, the state lottery, and pari-mutuel and advance-deposit horse racing are licensed and operating.
Prediction markets. The biggest 2025-2026 development is the Attorney General's King County Superior Court suit against Kalshi over sports, political and entertainment event contracts. It produced a July 2026 preliminary injunction and an Aug. 13, 2026 final order requiring Kalshi to cease most such wagers to Washington residents. The geofencing deadlines are Aug. 19 and Sept. 2, 2026, and the Washington Court of Appeals has since denied Kalshi's request to stay the order. Washington sits in the Ninth Circuit, which ruled against Kalshi on similar CFTC-preemption grounds in a Nevada case (KalshiEX v. Assad, Aug. 28, 2026).
Tribal exclusivity challenge. A federal challenge to tribal sports-betting exclusivity (Maverick Gaming) ended when the Supreme Court denied certiorari in October 2025.

Reviewed Oct 11, 2026 · 42 sources

Legal status

LiveLegal, not launchedLimitedContestedProhibitedNot authorizedRepealedNA

Vertical	Status	Launched	Model	Details
Sports (online)	Limited	Dec 9, 2021	Monopoly Tribal	Mobile wagering permitted only via geofencing to tribal casino property (not statewide online); no commercial/non-tribal online sportsbook authorized. A tribal operator challenge to this exclusivity (Maverick Gaming) was dismissed; cert. denied by SCOTUS Oct. 6, 2025. RCW 9.46.0282; 2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638) [1],[2]
Sports (retail)	Limited	Dec 9, 2021	Monopoly Tribal	Retail sportsbooks limited to tribal casinos under compact amendments; Snoqualmie Casino (Snoqualmie Tribe) was first to launch, Dec. 2021. RCW 9.46.0282; 2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638); Tribal-State Class III compact amendments (2020-2021) [1],[3]
Online casino	Prohibited			Transmitting or receiving gambling information by telephone/internet is a felony under RCW 9.46.240 with narrow exceptions (lawful pari-mutuel, lottery); no online casino authorized for tribal or commercial operators. RCW 9.46.240 [4]
Online poker	Prohibited			Same internet-gambling felony statute applies; no compacts authorize online poker. RCW 9.46.240 [4]
Commercial casinos	Not authorized			Non-tribal commercial casinos are not authorized; Class III gaming (slots, banked table games) is exclusive to compacted tribes. Wash. Const. art. II, § 24 [5]
Tribal casinos	Live	1992	Monopoly Tribal	All 29 of Washington's federally recognized tribes hold Class III gaming compacts, and 23 of them operate 29 casinos under those compacts. Class III games include sports wagering, electronic tribal lottery terminals, and table games. Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (25 U.S.C. § 2701 et seq.); Tribal-State Class III compacts [6],[7],[8]?
Lottery	Live	Nov 15, 1982	Monopoly State	Washington's Lottery was created by the state legislature, not by a voter initiative: Gov. John Spellman signed House Bill 1251 on July 16, 1982. The first game, a $1 "Pot O'Gold Instant Lottery" scratch ticket, went on sale Nov. 15, 1982. Initiative 728 (2000) later redirected a share of lottery and other gambling-related revenue toward education. RCW 67.70 [9],[10]?
iLottery	Not authorized			Washington's Lottery does not sell tickets online or through its mobile app; tickets, scratch cards, and keno may be purchased only from licensed retail locations or self-serve vending machines in-state. A 2005-07 budget proviso had separately barred use of lottery appropriations for internet-delivered games.[11]
Daily fantasy	Prohibited			Washington applies a strict "material degree of chance" test with no fantasy-sports carve-out; the Gambling Commission takes the position that pay-to-play fantasy sports contests are illegal gambling, and DraftKings/FanDuel exclude Washington customers from paid contests. RCW 9.46.0225 [12]
VGTs / VLTs	Not authorized			Washington does not authorize video gaming terminals/VLTs in bars, taverns, or truck stops outside tribal casinos; the closest analog — paper punch boards and pull-tabs — is licensed separately under the charitable and card-room categories, not as electronic VGTs.[5]
Historical horse racing	Not authorized			No section of the Horse Racing Act (RCW 67.16) authorizes, defines, or regulates historical horse race (HHR) machines or terminals; the chapter covers only live pari-mutuel racing, satellite/simulcast wagering, and advance deposit wagering. The state's general gambling policy (RCW 9.46.010) likewise authorizes only bingo, raffles, amusement games, and specified no-consideration lotteries outside the separately chaptered pari-mutuel and tribal frameworks, so an unlisted wagering device such as an HHR machine has no legal basis in Washington. No track, including Emerald Downs, has installed HHR machines. RCW 67.16; RCW 9.46.010 [13],[14],[15]
Sweepstakes casinos	Contested			Secondary industry reporting indicates the Gambling Commission treats dual-currency sweepstakes casinos as illegal gambling under the state's general gambling definition, though no bill or rule names this category specifically.[16]?
Prediction markets	Contested			WSGC guidance stated CFTC-regulated sports/event contracts are not authorized gambling activity in Washington. The WA Attorney General (Nick Brown) sued Kalshi in King County Superior Court in March 2026; a preliminary injunction issued July 2026 barred Kalshi from offering sports, political, and entertainment event contracts to Washington residents (threatened fines around $120,000/day) and required geofencing. A final order (Aug. 13, 2026) implementing that injunction requires Kalshi to cease offering wagers on sports, elections, politics, entertainment, culture, and tech/science to Washington residents, with an IP/residency-based geofence due Aug. 19, 2026 and a multi-source geofencing solution due Sept. 2, 2026; Kalshi sought a stay from the WA Court of Appeals. The Washington Indian Gaming Association supported the state's action; Kalshi has pursued counter-litigation against state regulators nationally, including arguments grounded in CFTC exclusive jurisdiction. Washington sits in the Ninth Circuit, which ruled against Kalshi on Aug. 28, 2026 in KalshiEX v. Assad (Nevada) on CFTC-preemption grounds; that ruling is consistent with (and supports) Washington's own state-court position, though Washington's case has proceeded independently on state-law (Gambling Act/Consumer Protection Act) grounds rather than relying on the Ninth Circuit ruling itself. Kalshi asked the Washington Court of Appeals to stay the final order; the court denied that request.[17],[18]
Skill games	Limited		Competitive	Washington licenses certain "Class 12" amusement/skill games at non-tribal establishments under Commission rule, applying the material-degree-of-chance test (RCW 9.46.0225) to distinguish legal skill games from unlicensed slot-like devices. The Commission banned cash and gift-card payouts after some operators began paying out winnings like slot machines; legislative and regulatory debate over tighter restrictions or repeal has recurred periodically, including into 2025-2026, without a definitive statutory change confirmed as of this writing. RCW 9.46.0225; RCW 9.46.0241 [19]
Card rooms	Live	1974	Competitive	Commercial card rooms (house-banked and non-house-banked) licensed by WSGC; count has declined for years (88 in 2007 vs. roughly 42 house-banked and 101 non-house-banked card rooms reported for FY2023). Local gambling taxes on card rooms/social card games are capped by state law (RCW 9.46.110) at 20% of gross revenue from those games; actual local rates vary and are often set well below the cap (one municipal example: 10% of annual gross receipts over $10,000). Commercial (for-profit, non-charitable) punchboards/pull-tabs operated by card rooms and other licensed businesses are separately capped under RCW 9.46.110 at 5% of gross receipts, or, at local option, 10% of gross receipts minus cash/merchandise prizes. RCW 9.46.0282; RCW 9.46.0356 [20],[21],[7]?
Lottery couriers	Prohibited			Third-party lottery courier services are not available for Washington Lottery games. When courier Mido Lotto attempted to enter Washington in 2021, the Gambling Commission issued a cease-and-desist letter alleging it facilitated illegal gambling; a court dismissed Mido Lotto's resulting 2024 lawsuit. No other courier app has since attempted to offer Washington Lottery tickets online.[11]
Pick'em fantasy	Prohibited			Player-vs-house pick'em products (e.g. DraftKings Pick6, FanDuel equivalents) are likewise unavailable to Washington residents under the same chance-based gambling definition. RCW 9.46.0225 [12]
Pari-mutuel	Live	1933	Competitive	Pari-mutuel wagering on horse racing traces to 1872 (Seattle Race Course); the Horse Racing Commission was established in 1933. Emerald Downs (Auburn), successor to Longacres, is the state's main remaining live track. RCW 67.16 [22],[7]
Advance deposit wagering	Live	Nov 18, 2004	Competitive	Advance deposit wagering for Washington residents may only be conducted by ADW providers licensed by the Horse Racing Commission under WAC 260-49; providers must contract with a licensed racing association and post a bond. RCW 67.16; WAC 260-49 [23],[24]
Charitable gaming	Live	1973		Bingo, raffles, and charitable/nonprofit punch boards and pull-tabs are licensed by WSGC. Local jurisdictions may levy gambling taxes under RCW 9.46.110, which caps rates by activity: bingo and raffles at 5% of gross receipts minus prizes; punchboards/pull-tabs run by bona fide charitable/nonprofit operators at 10% of gross receipts minus cash/merchandise prizes; amusement games at 2% of gross receipts minus prizes (collections additionally capped at enforcement cost). A Whatcom County ordinance illustrates actual local rates: 5% of net receipts for commercial punchboard/pull-tab operators, reduced to 2% for bona fide charitable/nonprofit operators. RCW 9.46 (various sections) [25],[21],[26],[7]
Esports betting	Limited	Legalized Mar 25, 2020	Monopoly Tribal	HB 2638's statutory "sports wagering" definition (RCW 9.46, Sec. 11) explicitly lists "[a]n electronic sports or esports competition or event" alongside professional, collegiate, and Olympic events, and separately defines "electronic or esports event" as a live, publicly watched tournament where players or teams can win a prize based on performance. Esports wagering is therefore authorized on the same tribal-casino, geofenced-mobile basis as other sports wagering, not a separate unauthorized category. 2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638), Sec. 11 [1]
Social casino	Live			Applying the dataset's established national convention that pure free-to-play social casino apps (no cash-value prize redemption) are operational absent a state-specific restriction, since nothing of value is staked; no Washington statute or regulator statement restricts this narrower category (WSGC guidance and enforcement target real-money/cash-value platforms specifically).[4]

Sports betting in Washington: status, tax rate, sportsbooks and bills →

Tax rates

Vertical	Channel	Rate	Base	Promos deductible	Since	Statute
Card rooms	retail	Not a state tax; Washington's gambling taxes are local-option. RCW 9.46.110 caps what a city/county/town may impose: card rooms/social card games up to 20% of gross revenue; commercial (for-profit) punchboards/pull-tabs up to 5% of gross receipts, or at local option up to 10% of gross receipts minus cash/merchandise prizes. Actual local rates vary by jurisdiction and are often set below the statutory cap.	OTHER		2020	RCW 9.46.110[21]
Charitable gaming	retail	Not a state tax; local-option under RCW 9.46.110. Bingo and raffles capped at 5% of gross receipts minus prizes; charitable/nonprofit punchboards and pull-tabs capped at 10% of gross receipts minus cash/merchandise prizes; amusement games capped at 2% of gross receipts minus prizes (collections also capped at enforcement cost). A Whatcom County ordinance illustrates actual local rates: 5% of net receipts for commercial punchboard/pull-tab operators, 2% for bona fide charitable/nonprofit operators.	OTHER		2020	RCW 9.46.110[21],[25]
Skill games	retail	Not a state tax; local-option under RCW 9.46.110(3)(b). 'Amusement games' (RCW 9.46.0201: skill-dominant, merchandise-prize-only games -- the statutory category covering licensed Class 12 skill/amusement devices) may be taxed by a city/county/town only up to the actual cost of enforcement, capped in no event above 2% of gross receipts less the amount awarded as prizes.	OTHER	No	2020	RCW 9.46.110(3)(b); RCW 9.46.0201[21],[34]
Sports (online)	online	Same tribal-compact structure as sports_retail above; mobile sports wagering is likewise confined to tribal lands/apps under the same 2020-2021 compact amendments, with no separate state revenue-share tax mechanism identified.	OTHER	No	Dec 9, 2021	RCW 9.46.0282; 2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638); tribal-state compact amendments[1],[3]
Sports (retail)	retail	No Washington state tax applies. Retail sports wagering is confined to tribal casinos under Class III gaming compact amendments (2020-2021) negotiated pursuant to 2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638); these compacts have no conventional state revenue-share/tax mechanism comparable to a commercial-operator GGR tax -- unlike many states, Washington's tribal-state fiscal relationship runs the other direction (state B&O/sales-tax and other negotiated considerations), not a sports-wagering-specific state cut of tribal sportsbook revenue.	OTHER	No	Dec 9, 2021	RCW 9.46.0282; 2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638); tribal-state compact amendments[1],[3]

Rules and requirements

Casinos

Number of tribal gaming facilities: 29
23 of Washington's 29 compacted tribes operate 29 casinos.
[6]?
Number of federally recognized tribes with Class III compacts: 29[6]

Minimum age

Minimum age for charitable bingo/raffles: 18[25]
Minimum age to purchase lottery: 18[30]
Minimum age for pari-mutuel wagering: 18
General minimum age to place a pari-mutuel wager at Washington racetracks.
[22]?
Minimum age to place a sports wager: 18
WSGC's sports-wagering rules list anyone under 18 as a prohibited participant; this is lower than the general tribal-casino gaming-floor age because sports wagering has its own minimum age.
[3]
Typical minimum age at tribal casinos (per compact): 21
Washington's tribal-state Class III compacts typically set the gaming-floor minimum age at 21, above the state's general 18-and-over gambling floor (RCW 9.46.228), though individual tribes have separately amended their own compacts -- for example, the Lummi Nation lowered its gaming-floor age to 18 for patrons who do not buy or consume alcohol on the premises.
[31],[32]?

Online poker

Member of the Multi-State Internet Gaming Agreement (MSIGA): No
No authorized online poker exists in Washington, so MSIGA membership is not applicable.
[4]

Prediction markets

Summary of the state's action against sports event contracts (C&D: AG lawsuit against Kalshi filed March 2026 in King County Superior Court; preliminary injunction granted July 2026 barring sports/political/entertainment event contracts to WA residents, with geofencing required and daily fines threatened; final order (Aug. 13, 2026) requires Kalshi to cease sports/elections/politics/entertainment/culture/tech-science wagers to WA residents, with geofencing deadlines of Aug. 19 and Sept. 2, 2026; the Washington Court of Appeals denied Kalshi's request to stay that order.[17],[18]

Skill games

Summary of skill-game legal status/litigation: Licensed 'Class 12' amusement games permitted at non-tribal establishments under the material-degree-of-chance test; cash/gift-card payouts banned; periodic legislative proposals to restrict further have not produced a definitive change as of 2026.[19]

Sports betting rules

Wagering on college sports allowed at all: Yes
Wagers on out-of-state collegiate events are allowed, but wagers on Washington collegiate institutions' own events or teams, and on any collegiate event taking place in Washington, are prohibited.
[3]
Wagering on in-state college teams allowed: No
Wagers on Washington collegiate institutions' own events or teams, and on any collegiate event taking place in Washington, are prohibited.
[3],[33]
Credit cards may be used to fund accounts: No
A tribal sports-wagering compact's standard list of ways to fund a player account (cash, cash equivalents, cashiered deposits, promotional credit, winnings, and agency-approved adjustments) does not include credit cards.
[33]?
Esports wagering allowed: Yes
HB 2638's statutory "sports wagering" definition explicitly lists "[a]n electronic sports or esports competition or event."
[1]
New online accounts must be created in person: Yes
To open a sports-wagering player account, a patron must register in person at the tribal gaming facility and provide identifying information verified against a government-issued photo ID.
[33]
Statutory cap on number of online sportsbook licenses/skins (omit if uncapped): 0
No commercial/non-tribal online sportsbook license category exists; all sports wagering is under tribal compacts.
[1]
Online sports wagering available statewide (not tethered to premises): No
Mobile wagering is geofenced to tribal casino premises only, not available statewide.
[1]
Operators must use official league data for some bets: No
Washington's tribal sports-wagering compacts do not require operators to use official league data for any category of bet; they only set licensing requirements for vendors that choose to supply such data.
[33]?
Summary of prop-bet restrictions (e.g. no in-game player props): No restriction applies by bet type; wagers are instead restricted by subject. Any event sponsored by a Washington collegiate institution, any collegiate event held in Washington, and minor league sports are all off the board regardless of bet type, including wagers on a "portion" of an event.[33],[3]?

Sweepstakes

Statute or regulator action specifically bans dual-currency online sweepstakes casinos: No
No Washington regulation or statute explicitly names dual-currency sweepstakes casinos; the Commission applies the state's general gambling definition to them instead.
[16]?

Tax revenue

Where gaming tax revenue goes (education fund: Lottery and gambling-related revenue partly directed to education funding under Initiative 728 (2000); general fund and local gambling-tax revenue otherwise support local government services.[27]

Lottery

Status: Live · Monopoly State
Notes
Washington's Lottery was created by the state legislature, not by a voter initiative: Gov. John Spellman signed House Bill 1251 on July 16, 1982. The first game, a $1 "Pot O'Gold Instant Lottery" scratch ticket, went on sale Nov. 15, 1982. Initiative 728 (2000) later redirected a share of lottery and other gambling-related revenue toward education.
[9],[10]?
Authorized: Jul 16, 1982
RCW 67.70
First tickets sold: Nov 15, 1982
Run by: Washington's Lottery
Minimum age: 18[30]
Multistate games: Powerball, Mega Millions[27]?
Where the money goes: By statute (RCW 67.70.240), the State Lottery Account may be used only for prizes, the lottery reserve and administrative accounts, game purchase and promotion, agent compensation, distributions to the Washington Opportunity Pathways Account, and distributions to the gambling revolving fund. The Opportunity Pathways Account (RCW 28B.76.526) is the Lottery's main public beneficiary: by law it funds charter schools, the early childhood education and assistance program, state work-study, the opportunity grant, the Washington college grant program, and several named scholarship and award programs (the Washington scholars award, the Washington award for vocational excellence, the GET ready for math and science scholarship, passport to careers, and the college bound scholarship), plus K-12 public schools in recent budget biennia. Initiative 728 (2000) separately redirected a share of lottery and other gambling-related revenue toward education funding.[28],[29]
Online sales (iLottery): Not authorized
Notes
Washington's Lottery does not sell tickets online or through its mobile app; tickets, scratch cards, and keno may be purchased only from licensed retail locations or self-serve vending machines in-state. A 2005-07 budget proviso had separately barred use of lottery appropriations for internet-delivered games.
[11]
Courier services: Prohibited
Notes
Third-party lottery courier services are not available for Washington Lottery games. When courier Mido Lotto attempted to enter Washington in 2021, the Gambling Commission issued a cease-and-desist letter alleging it facilitated illegal gambling; a court dismissed Mido Lotto's resulting 2024 lawsuit. No other courier app has since attempted to offer Washington Lottery tickets online.
[11]

Lottery sales and money kept by the stateState fiscal years

SalesKept by the stateOnline gambling legalized

$500M$1.0BFY2012FY2015FY2018FY2021FY20241$930M$255M

1Mar 25, 2020: online sports betting (limited) legalized · launched Dec 9, 2021

Yearly figures

Fiscal year	Sales	Prizes	Administration	Kept by the state	Prize share
FY2024	$930M	$636M	$38.4M	$255M	68%
FY2023	$905M	$619M	$35.4M	$250M	68%
FY2022	$821M	$574M	$30.6M	$216M	70%
FY2021	$860M	$603M	$29.6M	$227M	70%
FY2020	$737M	$530M	$26.5M	$180M	72%
FY2019	$729M	$490M	$28.4M	$211M	67%
FY2018	$667M	$458M	$27.1M	$182M	69%
FY2017	$611M	$423M	$29.2M	$160M	69%
FY2016	$659M	$433M	$45.1M	$181M	66%
FY2015	$659M	$433M	$45.1M	$181M	66%
FY2014	$632M	$372M	$40.7M	$220M	59%
FY2013	$534M	$339M	$50.0M	$145M	64%
FY2012	$502M	$312M	$45.0M	$145M	62%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Finances

Lottery timeline

2009 · Expanded · Lottery
Washington's Lottery joins Powerball[27]
2002 · Expanded · Lottery
Washington's Lottery joins Mega Millions[27]
2000 · Tax Change · Lottery
Initiative 728 passed, redirecting a share of lottery/gambling-related revenue toward education[27]
Nov 15, 1982 · Launched · Lottery
Washington's Lottery sells its first game, the "Pot O'Gold Instant Lottery" scratch ticket[10]
Jul 16, 1982 · Legalized · Lottery
Gov. John Spellman signs House Bill 1251, creating Washington's Lottery[9],[10]

Casinos

50 properties open.

Property	Type	City	Operator	Opened	Hotel
Fortune Casino - Renton[40]	Card room	Renton
Fortune Casino - Tukwila[40]	Card room	Tukwila
Goldies Shoreline Casino[40]	Card room	Shoreline
Great American Casino/Everett[40]	Card room	Everett
Joker's Casino Sports Bar & Fiesta Card Room[40]	Card room	Richland
Macau Casino - Lakewood[40]	Card room	Lakewood
Macau Casino - Tukwila[40]	Card room	Tukwila
Nob Hill Casino[40]	Card room	Yakima
Papas Casino Restaurant & Lounge[40]	Card room	Moses Lake
RC's At Valley Lanes[40]	Card room	Sunnyside
Riverside Casino[40]	Card room	Tukwila
Roman Casino[40]	Card room	Seattle
Roxy's Bar & Grill (Roxbury Lanes)[40]	Card room	Seattle
Silver Dollar Casino/Mill Creek[40]	Card room	Bothell
Silver Dollar Casino/Renton[40]	Card room	Renton
Silver Dollar Casino/Seatac[40]	Card room	SeaTac
Slo Pitch Pub & Eatery[40]	Card room	Bellingham
The Palace[40]	Card room	La Center
Wild Goose Casino[40]	Card room	Ellensburg
Zeppoz[40]	Card room	Pullman
12 Tribes Coulee Dam Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Coulee Dam	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation
12 Tribes Lake Chelan Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Manson	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation
12 Tribes Omak Casino Hotel[41]	Tribal casino	Omak	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation		Yes
7 Cedars Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Sequim	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe
Angel of the Winds Casino Resort[41]	Tribal casino	Arlington	Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians
BJ's Bingo & Gaming Slot machines and bingo only, no table games. [41]	Tribal casino	Fife	Puyallup Tribe of Indians
Elwha River Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Port Angeles	Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe
Emerald Queen Hotel & Casino Fife[41]	Tribal casino	Fife	Puyallup Tribe of Indians		Yes
Emerald Queen Hotel & Casino Tacoma[41]	Tribal casino	Tacoma	Puyallup Tribe of Indians		Yes
Ilani Casino Resort[41]	Tribal casino	La Center	Cowlitz Indian Tribe
Legends Casino Hotel[41]	Tribal casino	Toppenish	Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation		Yes
Little Creek Casino and Resort[41]	Tribal casino	Shelton	Squaxin Island Tribe
Lucky Dog Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Potlatch	Skokomish Indian Tribe
Lucky Eagle Casino & Hotel[41]	Tribal casino	Rochester	Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation		Yes
Mistequa Casino Hotel[41]	Tribal casino	Chewelah	Spokane Tribe of Indians		Yes
Muckleshoot Indian Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Auburn	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
Nisqually Red Wind Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Yelm	Nisqually Indian Tribe
Nooksack Northwood Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Lynden	Nooksack Indian Tribe
Northern Quest Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Airway Heights	Kalispel Tribe of Indians
Quil Ceda Creek Casino[41],[42]?	Tribal casino	Marysville	Tulalip Tribes
Quinault Beach Resort and Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Ocean Shores	Quinault Indian Nation
Shoalwater Bay Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Tokeland	Shoalwater Bay Tribe
Silver Reef Casino Resort[41]	Tribal casino	Ferndale	Lummi Nation
Skagit Casino Resort Formerly known as Harrah's Skagit Casino. [41]	Tribal casino	Bow	Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
Snoqualmie Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Snoqualmie	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
Spokane Tribe Resort & Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Airway Heights	Spokane Tribe of Indians
Suquamish Clearwater Casino Resort[41]	Tribal casino	Suquamish	Suquamish Tribe
Swinomish Northern Lights Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Anacortes	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
The Point Casino[41]	Tribal casino	Kingston	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe
Tulalip Resort Casino[41],[42]	Tribal casino	Tulalip	Tulalip Tribes	2003	Yes

Enforcement

Actions against unlicensed operators

Date	Against	Action	Amount	What happened
Mar 27, 2026	Kalshi	Lawsuit Prediction markets		Washington's Attorney General sued Kalshi in King County Superior Court, alleging its prediction-market "event contracts" on sports, elections and other events are unlicensed illegal gambling in violation of the state Gambling Act and Consumer Protection Act; in July 2026 the court granted a preliminary injunction, finding the state likely to succeed on its claims that Kalshi's operations are illegal gambling.[36],[37]
Sep 19, 2025	Bovada.lv	Cease and desist Sports (online)		The Washington State Gambling Commission issued its second cease-and-desist notice to Bovada.lv, an offshore, Curacao-registered online sportsbook, for continuing to accept wagers from Washington residents without a license after an earlier demand to stop.[38]

Tribal gaming

Compact notices in the Federal Register: 164 · first notice Feb 24, 1995, latest Sep 29, 2026

Tribal gaming revenue in the NIGC Portland Region

NIGC Portland RegionFederal fiscal years

$2.0B$4.0B$6.0BFY2019FY2021FY2023FY2025$4.9B

The National Indian Gaming Commission reports revenue only by region. This region also includes Alaska, Idaho, Oregon.[39]

Compact notices

Published	Tribe	Notice	Federal Register
Sep 29, 2026	Squaxin Island Tribe	Amendment took effect without action	91 FR 61434
Jun 11, 2026	Upper Skagit Indian Tribe	Amendment took effect without action	91 FR 35537
Apr 14, 2026	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	91 FR 19199
Feb 6, 2026	Lummi Nation	Amendment took effect without action	91 FR 5508
Jan 26, 2026	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Amendment took effect without action	91 FR 3213
Nov 26, 2025	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment took effect without action	90 FR 54365
Sep 12, 2025	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	90 FR 44216
Jan 15, 2025	Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians of Washington	Amendment approved	90 FR 3908
Sep 5, 2024	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	89 FR 72418
Aug 27, 2024	Cowlitz Indian Tribe	Amendment took effect without action	89 FR 68638
Aug 22, 2024	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community	Amendment took effect without action	89 FR 67959
Apr 23, 2024	Suquamish Indian Tribe of the Port Madison Reservation	Amendment approved	89 FR 30389
Feb 14, 2024	Kalispel Indian Community of the Kalispel Reservation	Amendment approved	89 FR 11311
Feb 14, 2024	Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation	Amendment approved	89 FR 11312
Feb 6, 2024	Tulalip Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	89 FR 8238
Nov 1, 2023	Spokane Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	88 FR 75016
Sep 27, 2023	Suquamish Tribe	Amendment approved	88 FR 66499
Sep 27, 2023	Nisqually Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	88 FR 66500
Sep 27, 2023	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	88 FR 66500
Sep 27, 2023	Cowlitz Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	88 FR 66499
Jun 14, 2023	Kalispel Indian Community of the Kalispel Reservation	Amendment approved	88 FR 38889
Nov 25, 2022	Yakama Nation (Nation	Amendment approved	87 FR 72505
Aug 9, 2022	Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation	Amendment approved	87 FR 48494
Jul 5, 2022	Nisqually Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	87 FR 39866
Jun 14, 2022	Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	87 FR 35992
Dec 28, 2021	Port Gamble S'Klallam	Amendment approved	86 FR 73800
Dec 28, 2021	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 73800
Dec 27, 2021	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 73313
Dec 27, 2021	Lummi Nation (Nation	Amendment approved	86 FR 73313
Oct 22, 2021	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community	Amendment approved	86 FR 58685
Sep 15, 2021	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 51370
Sep 15, 2021	Kalispel Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	86 FR 51374
Sep 15, 2021	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation (Colville Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 51373
Sep 1, 2021	Tulalip Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	86 FR 49054
Sep 1, 2021	Suquamish Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 49049
Sep 1, 2021	Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	86 FR 49051
Sep 1, 2021	Squaxin Island Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 49051
Sep 1, 2021	Spokane Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 49046
Sep 1, 2021	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe	Amendment approved · effective Nov 1, 2021	86 FR 49049
Sep 1, 2021	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	86 FR 49053
Sep 1, 2021	Lummi Nation	Amendment approved	86 FR 49052
Sep 1, 2021	Cowlitz Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 49049
Jul 13, 2021	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 36770
Jan 12, 2021	Cowlitz Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	86 FR 2448
Dec 11, 2020	Skokomish Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	85 FR 80139
Apr 16, 2019	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	84 FR 15634
Apr 16, 2019	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	84 FR 15630
Jan 2, 2019	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	84 FR 2
Jan 17, 2018	Puyallup Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	83 FR 2462
Oct 20, 2017	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	82 FR 48846
Jul 27, 2017	Squaxin Island Tribe	Amendment approved	82 FR 34974
Jul 18, 2016	Skokomish Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	81 FR 46700
Jun 4, 2015	Yakama Nation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Upper Skagit Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Tulalip Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Suquamish Indian Tribe of the Fort Madison Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians of Washington	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Squaxin Island Tribe of the Squaxin Island Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Spokane Tribe of the Spokane Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Skokomish Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe of the Shoalwater Bay Indian Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Sauk Suiattle Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Samish Indian Nation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Quinault Indian Nation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Quileute Tribe of the Quileute Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Nisqually Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Makah Indian Tribe of the Makah Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Lummi Tribe of the Lummi Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Lower Elwha Tribal Community	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Kalispel Indian Community of the Kalispel Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Hoh Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Cowlitz Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Jun 4, 2015	Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation	Amendment approved	80 FR 31918
Aug 7, 2014	Cowlitz Indian Tribe	Compact approved	79 FR 46275
Jul 23, 2014	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community	Amendment approved	79 FR 42808
Apr 8, 2014	Lummi Tribe of the Lummi Reservation	Amendment approved	79 FR 19353
Oct 8, 2009	Tulalip Tribe of Washington	Amendment approved	74 FR 51874
Oct 24, 2008	Spokane Tribe	Amendment approved	73 FR 63503
Oct 22, 2008	Snoqualmie Tribe	Amendment approved	73 FR 63007
Dec 10, 2007	Tulalip Tribe	Compact approved	72 FR 69706
May 31, 2007	Yakama Nation	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Upper Skagit Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Tulalip Tribes	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Swinomish Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Suquamish Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Stillaguamish Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Squaxin Island Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Snoqualmie Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Skokomish Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Shoalwater Bay Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Samish Indian Nation	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Quinault Indian Nation	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Quileute Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Puyallyup Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Nisqually Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Makah Nation	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Lummi Indian Nation	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Kalispel Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Hoh Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
May 31, 2007	Chehalis Confederated Tribes	Amendment approved	72 FR 30392
Apr 30, 2007	Spokane Tribe	Compact approved	72 FR 21284
Sep 12, 2006	Lummi Nation	Amendment approved	71 FR 53706
Dec 15, 2005	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	70 FR 74331
Dec 29, 2004	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	69 FR 78045
Oct 14, 2004	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	69 FR 61036
Jun 23, 2004	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	69 FR 35059
Apr 8, 2003	Tulapid Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	68 FR 17072
Jan 8, 2003	Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation	Compact approved	68 FR 1068
Dec 9, 2002	Quinault Indian Nation	Amendment approved	67 FR 72967
Nov 8, 2002	Shoalwater Indian Tribe	Compact approved	67 FR 68152
Aug 9, 2002	Tulalip Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	67 FR 51868
Jul 12, 2002	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	67 FR 46368
Apr 15, 2002	Snoqualmie Indian Tribe	Compact approved	67 FR 18237
Feb 19, 2002	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	67 FR 7393
Mar 21, 2001	Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians	Compact approved	66 FR 15882
Feb 27, 2001	Lummi Indian Nation	Amendment approved	66 FR 12542
Jan 17, 2001	Hoh Indian Tribe	Compact approved	66 FR 4038
Sep 22, 2000	Sauk Suiattle Indian Tribe	Compact approved	65 FR 57368
Jul 28, 2000	Makah Indian Tribe	Compact approved	65 FR 46492
Jun 21, 2000	Samish Indian Nation	Compact approved	65 FR 38570
Oct 1, 1999	Elwha S'Klallam Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 53404
Aug 13, 1999	Nisqually Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 44234
Jun 3, 1999	Kalispel Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	64 FR 29874
May 14, 1999	Skokomish Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 26435
May 14, 1999	Quinault Indian Nation	Amendment approved	64 FR 26435
May 14, 1999	Quileute Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 26435
Jan 28, 1999	Yakama Indian Nation	Amendment approved	64 FR 4461
Jan 28, 1999	Upper Skagit Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4460
Jan 28, 1999	Tulalip Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	64 FR 4460
Jan 28, 1999	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community	Amendment approved	64 FR 4460
Jan 28, 1999	Suquamish Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4460
Jan 28, 1999	Squaxin Island Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4460
Jan 28, 1999	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Amendment approved	64 FR 4459
Jan 28, 1999	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4459
Jan 28, 1999	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4459
Jan 28, 1999	Muckleshoot Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4459
Jan 28, 1999	Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe	Amendment approved	64 FR 4459
Jan 28, 1999	Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation	Amendment approved	64 FR 4458
Mar 30, 1998	Nisqually Indian Tribe	Compact approved	63 FR 15211
Oct 15, 1996	Quinault Indian Nation	Compact approved	61 FR 53751
Aug 2, 1996	Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Indian Nation	Compact approved	61 FR 40429
Jul 23, 1996	Puyallup Tribe of Indians	Compact approved	61 FR 38213
Dec 18, 1995	Lummi Nation	Compact approved	60 FR 65064
Oct 6, 1995	Quileute Tribe	Amendment approved	60 FR 52409
Sep 6, 1995	Skokomish Indian Tribe	Compact approved	60 FR 46490
Apr 20, 1995	Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation	Amendment approved	60 FR 19822
Apr 12, 1995	Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe	Compact approved	60 FR 186704
Apr 12, 1995	Nooksack Indian Tribe	Amendment approved	60 FR 186704
Mar 31, 1995	Tulalip Tribes of Washington	Amendment approved	60 FR 16764
Mar 31, 1995	Swinomish Indian Tribal Community	Amendment approved	60 FR 16764
Mar 31, 1995	Suquamish Tribe	Compact approved	60 FR 16764
Feb 24, 1995	Quileute Tribe	Compact approved	60 FR 10470

The Interior Department publishes a notice when a compact or amendment is approved or takes effect. Older compacts published before 1994 are not included.

Economy

Adults 21 and over: 6.0M (2024; 7.9M residents)
Gambling taxes collected: $40.7M in FY2025 · 0.1% of all state taxes
Gambling jobs: 22.2K in 2025 · $60,817 average annual pay
Undercount: the Bureau of Labor Statistics withholds some figures to protect individual employers.

Gambling taxes collectedState fiscal years

Gambling taxesLottery proceeds

$100M$200M$300MFY2013FY2016FY2019FY2022FY2025$40.7M$255M

Census Bureau tax collections on amusements and pari-mutuel wagering. Most states book casino, sports betting and video gaming taxes here; amusement taxes can also include admissions taxes unrelated to gambling. Lottery proceeds are what the lottery transfers to the state after prizes and costs.

Gambling jobsAnnual average

10.0K20.0K30.0K20152017201920212023202522.2K

Casinos, casino hotels, card rooms, bingo halls, off-track betting and slot-route operators, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Racetracks are not included. Jobs at tribal casinos are counted as government jobs.

Gambling jobs by industry, 2025

Industry	Ownership	Employers	Jobs	Average pay
Gambling industries	tribal and other government-owned	28	17.8K	$62,309
Gambling industries	privately owned	52	4,382	$54,746
Casino hotels	tribal and other government-owned		withheld
Casino hotels	privately owned		withheld

Taxes by fiscal year

Fiscal year	Amusement taxes	Pari-mutuel taxes	Share of state taxes	Lottery proceeds
FY2025	$39.6M	$1.1M	0.10%	—
FY2024	$38.6M	$1.1M	0.11%	$255M
FY2023	$31.9M	$1.1M	0.09%	$250M
FY2022	$25.0M	$1.3M	0.07%	$216M
FY2021	$14.1M	$883K	0.05%	$227M
FY2020	$18.6M	$1.0M	0.07%	$180M
FY2019	$17.4M	$1.6M	0.07%	$211M
FY2018	$18.3M	$1.7M	0.08%	$182M
FY2017	$17.6M	$1.8M	0.08%	$160M
FY2016	$6.6M	$1.8M	0.04%	$181M

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates: Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, States (NST-EST2025-ALLDATA); U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections (STC): Historical Dataset; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2025 annual averages, NAICS 7132 (Gambling industries)

Timeline

Aug 28, 2026 · Court Ruling · Prediction markets
Ninth Circuit rules against Kalshi on CFTC-preemption grounds in KalshiEX v. Assad (Nevada), consistent with Washington's state-court position[18]
Aug 13, 2026 · Court Ruling · Prediction markets
King County Superior Court issues final order requiring Kalshi to cease offering wagers on sports, elections, politics, entertainment, culture, and tech/science to Washington residents, with geofencing deadlines of Aug. 19 and Sept. 2, 2026[18]
Jul 2026 · Court Ruling · Prediction markets
Court grants preliminary injunction barring Kalshi from offering sports/political/entertainment event contracts to Washington residents, with geofencing ordered and daily fines threatened[17]
Mar 2026 · Enforcement Action · Prediction markets
Washington Attorney General sues Kalshi in King County Superior Court over sports and political event contracts offered to state residents[17]
Oct 6, 2025 · Court Ruling · Sports (online)
U.S. Supreme Court denies certiorari in RunItOneTime (fka Maverick Gaming) v. United States, leaving tribal exclusivity intact[2]
No. 24-1161
Dec 2024 · Court Ruling · Sports (online)
Ninth Circuit affirms dismissal of Maverick Gaming's challenge to tribal sports-betting exclusivity[2]
2023 · Court Ruling · Sports (online)
Western District of Washington dismisses Maverick Gaming's suit on Rule 19 required-party grounds (Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe)[2]
2022 · Court Ruling · Sports (online)
Maverick Gaming sues the United States and Washington tribes challenging tribal sports-betting exclusivity[2]
Dec 9, 2021 · Launched · Sports (retail)
Snoqualmie Casino becomes first Washington tribal casino to launch sports wagering[3]
Mar 25, 2020 · Legalized · Sports (retail)
Governor signs HB 2638 authorizing tribal sports wagering compact amendments[1]
2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638)
2016 · Restricted · Skill games
Gambling Commission restricts cash/gift-card payouts on Class 12 skill-game amusement devices amid slot-machine-lookalike concerns[19]
2009 · Expanded · Lottery
Washington's Lottery joins Powerball[27]
2002 · Expanded · Lottery
Washington's Lottery joins Mega Millions[27]
2000 · Tax Change · Lottery
Initiative 728 passed, redirecting a share of lottery/gambling-related revenue toward education[27]
1992 · Compact Signed · Tribal casinos
Washington signs its first tribal-state Class III gaming compact, with the Tulalip Tribes[7],[8]
Nov 15, 1982 · Launched · Lottery
Washington's Lottery sells its first game, the "Pot O'Gold Instant Lottery" scratch ticket[10]
Jul 16, 1982 · Legalized · Lottery
Gov. John Spellman signs House Bill 1251, creating Washington's Lottery[9],[10]
1972 · Other · Charitable gaming
Constitutional amendment (Article II, Section 24) allows the legislature to authorize certain gambling activities[5]
1952 · Court Ruling · Commercial casinos
Washington Supreme Court finds law permitting club slot machines unconstitutional under the state lottery ban[35]
1933 · Legalized · Pari-mutuel
Washington Horse Racing Commission established, reauthorizing pari-mutuel wagering[22]

Regulators

Washington State Gambling Commission — Sports (retail), Sports (online), Card rooms, Charitable gaming, Skill games, Daily fantasy, Pick'em fantasy, Sweepstakes casinos, Prediction markets, VGTs / VLTs, Tribal casinos
· License list
Washington Horse Racing Commission — Pari-mutuel, Advance deposit wagering, Historical horse racing
Washington's Lottery — Lottery, iLottery, Lottery couriers
Washington Office of the Attorney General — Prediction markets, Sweepstakes casinos, Skill games

Sources

2020 Wash. Laws ch. 170 (HB 2638) — Tribal gaming compacts; sports wagering · Washington State Legislature · bill · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly and parsed with pdftotext -layout. Effective/approved date confirmed as March 25, 2020. Corrects an earlier inference that esports was excluded from the statutory "sports wagering" definition -- the bill text itself lists "[a]n electronic sports or esports competition or event" (Sec. 11(1)(a)(iv)) and separately defines "electronic or esports event" (Sec. 11(2)); it also excludes horse racing and minor league sports from "sports wagering."
“"sports wagering" means the business of accepting wagers on any of the following sporting events, athletic events, or competitions ... (iv) An electronic sports or esports competition or event”
Maverick Gaming v. United States of America · Wikipedia (secondary summary of litigation history) · secondary · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
secondary source only; corroborated by supremecourt.gov docket No. 24-1161 (cert. denied Oct. 6, 2025) and law-firm/press coverage (swlaw.com, legalsportsreport.com, casinobeats.com).
Sports Wagering Requirements and Rules · Washington State Gambling Commission · regulator page · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly. Confirms the 18+ minimum age for sports wagering, the ban on wagers on Washington collegiate teams/events and minor league sports, and that bracket pools/office pools/fantasy sports have never been authorized -- corroborating the dfs/dfs_pickem verticals with a primary regulator source. Launch date (Snoqualmie Casino, Dec. 2021) corroborated separately via secondary press reporting.
“Prohibited sports wagering participants ... Anyone under 18 years of age ... Washington law has never allowed: Bracket pools, Office sports pools, Fantasy sports.”
RCW 9.46.240 — Transmission of gambling information — Penalty — Exceptions · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
“Whoever knowingly transmits or receives gambling information by telephone, telegraph, radio, semaphore, the internet”
Washington State Constitution, Article II, Section 24 (Lotteries and Divorce) · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Confirmed via secondary summaries describing the 1972 amendment allowing legislature/voter-authorized gambling; original constitutional text not independently re-fetched for this excerpt.
Tribal Casino Locations · Washington State Gambling Commission · regulator page · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly, correcting a prior search-summary-sourced "22 tribes / 28 vs. 29 casinos" discrepancy.
“There are 29 federally recognized tribes in Washington State and all 29 of those have Class III gaming compacts. 23 tribes operate 29 casinos under compact.”
History of gambling in Washington (chronology) · The Seattle Times · secondary · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. Distinct from the other Wikipedia-sourced "wa-gambling-history-secondary" entry above. Used for card-room (1974 approval), charitable-gaming (1973 Gambling Act), pari-mutuel, and first tribal-compact (1992, Tulalip) dates.
“1973: Gambling Commission created. Legislature authorizes pull tabs, bingo, raffles and "Las Vegas Night" fund-raisers.”
HistoryLink.org essay on early Washington tribal casinos (Lummi, Tulalip) · HistoryLink.org (Washington state history nonprofit) · secondary · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. States the Tulalip casino opened July 20, 1992 and is usually called the state's first, but that Lummi's casino opened about five months earlier, in Feb. 1992.
“The Lummi Tribe opened its casino in February 1992, beating the Tulalips by five months.”
Washington's Lottery — About/History · Washington's Lottery · regulator page · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly; corrects the file's prior "voter initiative" characterization of the Lottery's creation (it was created by legislation, House Bill 1251, per Wikipedia). The page does not give the exact date tickets first went on sale.
“signed on July 16, 1982, by Governor John Spellman”
Washington's Lottery · Wikipedia · secondary · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
secondary source only for the exact first-sale date (Nov. 15, 1982, "Pot O'Gold Instant Lottery"); the House/Senate passage dates and bill number corroborate the official History page's July 16, 1982 signing date.
“The bill (H.B. 1251) creating the lottery was passed by the state legislature in 1982.”
Washington Lottery — online sales and courier-service status · Legal Sports Report / secondary industry reporting · secondary · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
secondary source only; describes the Washington Lottery's own no-online-sales policy, the 2021 Mido Lotto courier cease-and-desist and its 2024 lawsuit dismissal. Washington Lottery's official site not independently fetched for this file.
No Game-Changer for Fantasy Sports in Washington · Perkins Coie LLP · secondary · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
secondary source only (law-firm analysis of RCW 9.46.0225 material-degree-of-chance test as applied to fantasy sports).
Chapter 67.16 RCW — Horse Racing (section table of contents) · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. Full 36-entry current/historical section-title list for the chapter; confirms RCW 67.16.260 (advance deposit wagering, already cited under the adw vertical) and RCW 67.16.200 (satellite/simulcast wagering) but no section authorizing or addressing historical horse race (HHR) machines/terminals anywhere in the chapter.
“67.16.260: "Advance deposit wagering."”
RCW 9.46.010 — Declaration of public policy · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. States the policy of strictly limiting gambling and expressly authorizes only bingo, raffles, amusement games, and no-consideration lotteries by name; cited for the historical_horse_racing vertical as the general basis that an unlisted wagering device needs its own authorizing statute (here, none exists).
“The public policy of the state of Washington on gambling is to keep the criminal element out of gambling”
U.S. Regulatory Review: Historical Horseracing · Vixio (industry regulatory tracker) · secondary · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. States that 8 U.S. states have established HHR as a form of pari-mutuel wagering (Arkansas first, in 2000; Kansas most recent, in 2022); does not name Washington among them or mention Washington anywhere in the article.
“The most recent state to legalise pari-mutuel wagering on historical horse races was Kansas, in 2022.”
Washington State Gambling Commission — FAQs (sweepstakes casino position) · Washington State Gambling Commission · secondary · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
secondary source only; the FAQ page returned a 404 when fetched directly, so the Commission's exact current wording could not be verified. Position summarized from secondary industry reporting.
Washington sues online betting platform Kalshi for illegal gambling · Washington State Office of the Attorney General · press · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly (Mar. 27, 2026 release). Confirms the lawsuit alleges violations of the Washington Gambling Act and Consumer Protection Act, seeking to halt the activity, recover consumer losses, and assess civil penalties. Suit was filed in King County Superior Court (confirmed via the companion wa-kalshi-final-order release below, which identifies the presiding court).
“Attorney General Nick Brown filed a lawsuit today against Kalshi, a company that violates state law by operating and advertising an online platform where users can bet on sports, elections, and other events.”
Judge orders Kalshi cease numerous Washington operations · Washington State Office of the Attorney General · press · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly (Aug. 13, 2026 release). Confirms the case is in King County Superior Court; the final order (part of the July 2026 preliminary injunction) requires an IP-address/residency-based geofence by Aug. 19, 2026 and a multi-source geofencing solution by Sept. 2, 2026. Kalshi sought a stay from the Washington Court of Appeals; per a direct re-fetch of this same release on 2026-10-11, the court denied that stay request (no specific denial date given on the page).
“A King County Superior Court judge issued a final order requiring KalshiEX (Kalshi) to cease many of its Washington operations... The order requires Kalshi to stop offering, accepting, or facilitating wagers on sports, elections, politics, entertainment, culture, tech and science, or mentions in Washington.”
Washington gambling regulators crack down on skill games · Global Gaming Business (GGB News) · press · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
secondary source; cash/gift-card payout ban and Class 12 licensing details drawn from WebSearch summaries of this and a companion GGB News article on proposed restrictions.
Washington State Gambling Commission — card room licensing statistics · Washington State Gambling Commission · regulator report · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Card-room counts (FY2023: ~42 house-banked, ~101 non-house-banked, down from 88 in 2007) confirmed via secondary/search summaries of Commission data; not a direct document fetch.
RCW 9.46.110 — Taxation of gambling activities authorized — Limitations · Washington State Legislature (mirrored codification) · statute · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Content confirmed via WebSearch result text quoting the statute; page not independently fetched with WebFetch for this file.
“taxation of social card games may not exceed twenty percent of the gross revenue from such games”
Washington Horse Racing Commission — history · Washington Horse Racing Commission · regulator page · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
1872/1933 history and Emerald Downs status confirmed via secondary/search summaries; Commission site not directly fetched for this file.
WAC 260-49 — Advance Deposit Wagering · Washington Horse Racing Commission · regulation · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly (chapter digest/table of contents); confirms the ADW provider-licensing structure cited in the adw vertical.
“260-49-030 Advance deposit wagering service provider license for a class 1 racing association. 260-49-040 Advance deposit wagering service provider license for nonclass 1 racing associations.”
WSR 04-21-053 — Adoption of new chapter 260-49 WAC, Advance Deposit Wagering · Washington Horse Racing Commission (Washington State Register) · regulation · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. Filed Oct. 18, 2004, effective Nov. 18, 2004; every section of the new chapter is marked "NEW SECTION," indicating this was the first adoption of WA's ADW licensing rules.
“the adoption of new chapter 260-49 WAC, Advance deposit wagering”
Whatcom County gambling tax ordinance (punch boards, pull-tabs, bingo, raffles) · Whatcom County, WA (via eCode360) · government other · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
“the tax upon the conducting of punch boards and pull tabs shall be five percent of the net receipts”
Washington State Gambling Commission — About Us · Washington State Gambling Commission · regulator page · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. Does not give an exact creation date beyond the year, and has no card-room/charitable-licensing history detail.
“Since 1973, the Washington State Gambling Commission has been keeping gambling legal and honest.”
Washington's Lottery — homepage · Washington's Lottery · regulator page · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
Fetched directly; homepage confirms the current game lineup (no online ticket-sales option visible). Founding year (1982), Initiative 728, and the 2002/2009 Mega Millions/ Powerball join dates are not stated on the homepage itself and remain corroborated only via secondary/search-summary reporting.
“Powerball, Mega Millions, Lotto, Hit 5, Match 4, Pick 3, Cash Pop, Daily Keno, Scratch”
RCW 67.70.240 — State lottery account · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“For distribution to the stadium and exhibition center account, created in RCW 43.99N.060.”
RCW 28B.76.526 — Washington opportunity pathways account · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. Lists the account's permitted uses by chapter/section: charter schools (ch. 28A.710), state work-study (ch. 28B.12), the opportunity grant (ch. 28B.50), the Washington scholars award (RCW 28B.76.660), the Washington award for vocational excellence (RCW 28B.76.670), the Washington college grant program (ch. 28B.92), the GET ready for math and science scholarship (ch. 28B.105), passport to careers (ch. 28B.117), the college bound scholarship (ch. 28B.118), the early childhood education and assistance program (ch. 43.216), and, in recent fiscal biennia, K-12 public schools (ch. 28A.150, 28A.715).
RCW 67.70.120 — Sale restrictions · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“Any licensee who knowingly sells or offers to sell a lottery ticket or share to any person under the age of eighteen is guilty of a misdemeanor.”
Lummi Nation Tribal-State Gaming Compact, 2021 age-limitation amendment (BIA review letter and amendment text) · Bureau of Indian Affairs / Lummi Nation · compact · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly and read with pdftotext. Confirms Lummi's standard compact provision had set the gaming-floor age at 21 before this 2021 amendment lowered it to 18 (for patrons who do not buy or consume alcohol on premises) under a most-favored-nation clause. Used as the basis for treating 21 as the baseline age typical of other tribes' compacts, since Lummi's own prior language was itself the 21-year baseline being amended away from. Some sections of the PDF (track-change redline artifacts) did not OCR/extract cleanly; only the clean, clearly-legible passage quoted above is relied on.
“Persons between the age of eighteen (18) and twenty (20) years of age may patronize and participate in Class III gaming activities”
RCW 9.46.228 — Minimum age for gambling activities — Penalty · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
Fetched directly. States Washington's statewide statutory floor of 18 for licensed gambling activities (card rooms, punchboards/pull-tabs); does not itself address tribal casinos, which set age terms by compact.
“It is unlawful for any person under the age of eighteen to play in authorized gambling activities”
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation - State of Washington Gaming Compact, Appendix S (Sports Wagering) · Washington State Gambling Commission / Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation · compact · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
This appendix is a scanned, image-only PDF; WebFetch could not extract its text, so it was downloaded and OCR'd (pdftoppm + tesseract) for this file. Confirms in-person account registration; an exclusive list of account-funding methods that does not include credit cards (cash, cash equivalents, cashiered deposits, promotional credit, winnings, agency- approved adjustments, or "any other means approved by" both gaming agencies); a licensing category (not a mandate) for vendors supplying "official data" for sports wagering; and subject-based (not bet-type-based) restrictions on Washington-collegiate-institution events and minor league sports. Used as representative of the standardized sports-wagering appendix template across WA tribal compacts, since this file could not OCR other tribes' versions; compacts are negotiated and amended individually, so provisions can vary by tribe.
“To establish a Player Account, a patron must register in-person at the Gaming Facility”
RCW 9.46.0201 — Amusement game · Washington State Legislature · statute · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
“The outcome depends in a material degree upon the skill of the contestant”
Gambling in Washington (state) — background and history · Wikipedia (secondary) · secondary · retrieved Oct 10, 2026
secondary source only; 1952 state supreme court ruling on club slot machines referenced via WebSearch summary, case citation not independently confirmed.
Washington sues online betting platform Kalshi for illegal gambling · Washington State Office of the Attorney General · press · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“Attorney General Nick Brown filed a lawsuit today against Kalshi, a company that violates state law by operating and advertising an online platform where users can bet on sports, elections, and other events.”
Judge finds Kalshi's online gambling likely violates state law · Washington State Office of the Attorney General · press · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“Kalshi's provision, marketing, and advertising of illegal gambling activities”
WSGC Issues Second Cease and Desist Notice to Bovada.lv · Washington State Gambling Commission · regulator page · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“an unlicensed and therefore illegal sportsbook operating in Washington”
NIGC FY 2025 Gross Gaming Revenue Report · National Indian Gaming Commission · regulator report · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“FY 2025’s GGR of $46.2 billion marks the highest ever GGR for the Indian gaming industry.”
House banked public card room locations · Washington State Gambling Commission · regulator page · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“See a list of all licensed house banked card rooms in Washington.”
List of casinos in Washington · Wikipedia · secondary · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“12 Tribes Coulee Dam Casino Coulee Dam Okanogan Washington Native American Owned by the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation”
Tulalip Resort Casino · Wikipedia · secondary · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
“A 12-story hotel with 370 rooms was opened on August 15, 2008, shortly after the casino was renamed to the Tulalip Resort Casino”